南开中学 段胜利
连词连接两个词、短语或句子，从句法的意义上说，连词是使语句丰富多彩不可或缺的词。
例一 Between the two generations, it is often not their age, ___ their education that causes misunderstanding.
A. like B. as
C. or D. but
答案D。not …but…连接age和education两个单词。
例二 Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, ____ the way they actually are.
A. as B. or
C. but D. and
答案C。题干中not…nor…，but…连接三个the way…短语。
例三They wanted to charge $ 5, 000 for the car , ______ we managed to bring the price down.
A.but B.so
C.when D.since
答案A。but连接前后两个有转折关系的单句。
掌握连词要注意如下几个方面：
一、连词要分类记忆
连词数量不是很多，但其语义覆盖到了各种逻辑关系。记忆连词可以采取分类记忆的办法，将连词按形式、来源和语法功能进行分组记忆。
1. 连词从形式上说，有单个使用的词，如and，since等；有成对使用的词，如not only…but also，as…as等；还有两个以上的词组合而成的短语连词，如as well as，in order that等。
例一 A man cannot smile like a child, _____a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone.
A. so B. but
C. and D. for
答案D。for为并列连词，表示因果。
例二 you have mentioned it，I’ll remember to look after your dog when you go traveling.
A.Before B.If
C.Now that D.Until
答案C。Now that为从属连词，表示原因。
例三 ____I can see , there is only one possible way to keep away from danger.
A. As long as B. As far as
C. Just as D. Even if
答案B。as far as意为“据……”， “就……”，表示程度、深度等。
2. 连词从来源上说，有本身就是连词的，如and，or等；有一词多“性”的词，如yet，immediately等，除了做副词之外，它们也有连词的用法，在做题时需要留心辨别；还有从动词的分词转化而来的分词连词，如provided，supposing，considering等。
例一We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened.
A. immediately
B. shortly
C. quickly
D. hurriedly
答案A。immediately在这里做连词，相当于as soon as的用法，表示：“…立即就…”。
例二She came to the scene ______ she heard of the accident.
A.at the moment
B.the moment
C.for the moment
D.in a moment
答案B。the moment在这里做连词，相当于as soon as的用法，表示：“…即刻就…”。注意，在使用时the moment前不加介词，后不加连词，不能错误地表述为“at the moment when”
例三 _____the pain was bad, ______he did not complain.
A. Although; but
B. Though; but
C. Though; yet
D. Even; still
答案C。Although /Though和but都是连词，在一个句子中，只能使用一个，不可同时使用。这里的yet充当副词。同样的道理，because和so，一“因”一“果”，也不能同时在一个句子中使用。
3. 连词从语法作用上说，有并列连词，即连接并列的词、短语或句子，表示并列、递进、转折、因果、选择等等，如and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, nevertheless, for, as well as, both…and…, not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…, and then等；
例一Stand over there you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. while
C. but D. and
答案D。and表示递进。
例二 You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ____you won’t pass the course.
A. and B. so
C. but D. or
答案D。or引出结果。
例三—— I think George doesn’t really care for TV plays.
——Right, he still watches the program.
A. and B. but
C. or D. so
答案B。but表示转折。
例四Unlike watching TV, reading is a highly active process ______ it requires attention as well as memory and imagination.
A. until B. but
C. unless D. for
答案D。for表示因果。
连词还有从属连词，即连接复合句中的主句及从句。其中：
(1) 引导名词性从句的连词有：
①连接陈述句，表示事实的连词that；
例 A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
A. when B. where
C. what D. that
答案D。
②连接一般疑问句，表示是否的if或whether；
例 ________ we will build a new power plant hasn’t been decided yet.
A. If B. what
C. whether D. that
答案C。whether引导主语从句，表达是否之意，使用whether，不能用if。特别提醒：在名词从句中，只有及物动词的宾语从句可以同时使用if来引导，其他情况都要用whether来引导。
③连接特殊疑问句，表示“5W1H”的who, whose, what, how, where, when, why等。
例一 After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ___ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
A. where B. what
C. that D. how
例二 You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ______I disagree.
A. why B. where
C. what D. how
